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Title:Populizem skozi prizmo ekonomije in kulture : statistične analize na vzorcu 31 evropskih držav, 2020-2022
Authors:ID Branilović, Stefani (Author)
ID Rutar, Tibor (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
Files:.pdf MAG_Branilovic_Stefani_2024.pdf (2,71 MB)
MD5: 9C35C665AD242BC08163B386ECC72AA1
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Master's thesis/paper
Typology:2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:FF - Faculty of Arts
Abstract:V magistrskem delu Populizem skozi prizmo ekonomije in kulture: statistične analize na vzorcu 31 evropskih držav, 2020–2022 opišemo pojav populizma in možne razloge za vzpon populističnih strank ter se dotaknemo vprašanja spola, starosti in izobrazbe, da bi ugotovili, kdo so povprečni populistični volivci. Pri tem se osredotočamo na dve pomembni tezi – ekonomsko negotovost in kulturno reakcijo, ki ju najprej teoretično predstavimo in potem še empirično testiramo. Obe tezi bi lahko povezali z Inglehartovo teorijo modernizacije, saj pravita, da ljudje za populiste volijo ali iz ekonomskih ali iz kulturnih skrbi. Pri tem smo si na podlagi literature zastavili hipotezi, da sta tako ekonomska kot kulturna teza povezani, saj posameznikova ekonomska prepričanja temeljijo na njegovih kulturnih prepričanjih, skladno s tem pa predpostavljamo, da sta obe tezi pomembni pri razlagi vzpona populistov, vendar kulturna teza kaže na statistično močnejše učinke. Da bi to empirično testirali, smo uporabili bazo European Social Survey ter raziskavo, ki so jo izvedli med letoma 2020 in 2022, ki je zajela reprezentativne vzorce posameznikov iz 31 evropskih držav. Rezultati so pokazali na mešane ugotovitve glede spola in starosti, se je pa kot pomembna skupina populističnih volivcev in tistih s populističnimi prepričanji pokazala skupina manj izobraženih posameznikov. Obe začetni hipotezi pa smo v veliki večini držav potrdili, saj se je izkazalo, da sta obe tezi pomembni, vendar ima kulturna večjo statistično moč. Da bi to dejstvo razložili, smo v razpravi pojasnili še mehanizem volilne nevednosti, učinka medijev in sociotropskega načina delovanja. Rezultati imajo tako velik pomen za prihodnje študije, ki naj bi raziskovale, ali še vedno obstaja močan učinek ekonomije in kulture na volivce, s tem pa naj bi presegle omejitve, ki jih omenjamo na koncu dela.
Keywords:populizem, ekonomska negotovost, kulturna reakcija, izobrazba, volilna nevednost, mediji
Geographic coverage:Evropa;
Place of publishing:Maribor
Place of performance:Maribor
Publisher:S. Branilović
Year of publishing:2024
Number of pages:1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (XI, 69 str.))
PID:20.500.12556/DKUM-89614 New window
UDC:316.422:339.97(4)(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:207310595 New window
Publication date in DKUM:12.09.2024
Views:203
Downloads:108
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
Categories:FF
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Licences

License:CC BY-NC 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International
Link:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Description:A creative commons license that bans commercial use, but the users don’t have to license their derivative works on the same terms.
Licensing start date:29.07.2024

Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Populism through the prism of economy and culture: statistical analysis on a sample of 31 European countries, 2020-2022
Abstract:In our Master's thesis Populism Through the Prism of Economy and Culture: Statistical Analysis on a Sample of 31 European Countries, 2020–2022, we describe the phenomenon of populism and the possible reasons for the rise of populist parties, and we touch upon gender, age and education to find out who the average populist voter is. In doing so, we focus on two important theses - economic insecurity and cultural backlash - which we first present theoretically and then test empirically. Both theses are linked to Inglehart's modernisation theory and say that people vote for populists either out of economic or cultural concerns. We hypothesise from the literature that both the economic and cultural theses are related, as individuals' economic beliefs are based on their cultural beliefs, and accordingly hypothesise that both theses are important in explaining the rise of populists, but that the cultural thesis shows statistically stronger effects. To empirically test this, we used the European Social Survey database and a survey conducted between 2020 and 2022, which covered representative samples of individuals from 31 European countries. The results showed mixed findings in terms of gender and age, but a group of less educated individuals emerged as an important group of populist voters and those with populist beliefs. Both initial hypotheses were confirmed in the vast majority of countries, as both theses were shown to be significant for the rise of populists, but the cultural one had more statistical power. To explain this fact, we further explain the mechanism of political ignorance, the media effect and the sociotropic mode of action. The results therefore have important implications for future studies that aim to investigate whether there is still a strong effect of economy and culture on voters and thus to go beyond the limitations mentioned at the end of the paper.
Keywords:populism, economic insecurity, cultural backlash, education, political ignorance, media


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