Optimiranje odstranjevanja formaldehida iz azeotropne zmesi butanol/isobutanol/formaldehid/metanol/voda s pretvorbo v heksametilentetramin

Hartl, Jan

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Title:	Optimiranje odstranjevanja formaldehida iz azeotropne zmesi butanol/isobutanol/formaldehid/metanol/voda s pretvorbo v heksametilentetramin
Authors:	ID Hartl, Jan (Author) ID Bogataj, Miloš (Mentor) More about this mentor... ID Nemet, Andreja (Comentor)
Files:	UN_Hartl_Jan_2024.pdf (1,84 MB) MD5: 90190C75A008448917277B22E2BA4E8D
Language:	Slovenian
Work type:	Bachelor thesis/paper
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Abstract:	Namen diplomske naloge je bil preučiti izvedljivost odstranjevanja formaldehida iz azeotropne zmesi butanol/isobutanol/formaldehid/metanol/voda s pretvorbo formaldehida v heksametilentetramin (HMTA). V sklopu eksperimentalnega dela smo izvedli eksperimente v skladu s centralno kompozitnim eksperimentalnim načrtom in razvili statistično relevanten linearni model, ki opisuje odvisnost masnega deleža formaldehida v raztopini v odvisnosti od dodane množine metanola in amonijaka. Z razvitim modelom smo optimirali reakcijske pogoje s ciljem minimiranja deleža formaldehida in preostalega amonijaka v raztopini. Model potrjuje hipotezo, da je prisotnost metanola problematična, saj stabilizira formaldehid (pretvorba formaldehida ob prisotnosti metanola v hemiacetal) in ga tako naredi manj dostopnega za pretvorbo v HMTA. Po pričakovanjih pa višanje množine amonijaka kot reaktanta zmanjšuje delež preostalega formaldehida. Rezultati kažejo, da je na laboratorijski ravni odstranjevanje formaldehida iz azeotropne zmesi s pretvorbo v HMTA izvedljivo. Kot eno izmed možnih tehnologij za ločevanje HMTA iz raztopine smo uporabili vakuumsko destilacijo, s katero HMTA odstranimo kot destilacijski ostanek. Pri pogojih, ki smo jih določili kot optimalne, se je masni delež formaldehida v raztopini znižal iz začetnih 1,39 % na 0,048 %.
Keywords:	odstranjevanje formaldehida, heksametilentetramin, azeotropne zmesi, vakuumska destilacija, načrtovanje eksperimentov, optimiranje reakcijskih pogojev.
Place of publishing:	Maribor
Publisher:	[J. Hartl]
Year of publishing:	2024
PID:	20.500.12556/DKUM-89871
UDC:	661.727.1.048(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:	221037571
Publication date in DKUM:	19.09.2024
Views:	132
Downloads:	50
Metadata:
Categories:	KTFMB - FKKT
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Licences

License:	CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Link:	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Description:	This is the standard Creative Commons license that gives others maximum freedom to do what they want with the work as long as they credit the author.
Licensing start date:	15.08.2024

Secondary language

Language:	English
Title:	Optimization of formaldehyde removal from an azeotropic mixture of butanol/isobutanol/formaldehyde/methanol/water by conversion to hexamethylenetetramine
Abstract:	The aim of the thesis was to investigate the feasibility of removing formaldehyde from the azeotropic mixture of butanol/isobutanol/formaldehyde/methanol/water by converting formaldehyde into hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA). In the experimental part, we conducted experiments according to a central composite experimental design and developed a statistically significant linear model that describes the dependence of the mass fraction of formaldehyde in the solution on the amount of added methanol and ammonia. Using the developed model, we optimized the reaction conditions with the aim of minimizing the proportion of formaldehyde and residual ammonia in the solution. The model confirms the hypothesis that the presence of methanol is problematic as it stabilizes formaldehyde (conversion of formaldehyde in the presence of methanol into hemiacetal), making it less available for conversion to HMTA. Conversely, as expected, increasing the amount of ammonia as a reactant reduces the proportion of residual formaldehyde. The results show that on a laboratory scale, the removal of formaldehyde from the azeotropic mixture by conversion to HMTA is feasible. As one of the possible technologies for separating HMTA from the solution, we used vacuum distillation, with which HMTA is removed as a distillation residue. Under the conditions we determined to be optimal, the mass fraction of formaldehyde in the solution was reduced from an initial 1.39 % to 0.048 %.
Keywords:	formaldehyde removal, hexamethylenetetramine, azeotropic mixture, vacuum distillation, design of experiments, optimization of reaction conditions

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