| Title: | Enhancing utilization of municipal solid waste bottom ash by the stabilization of heavy metals |
|---|
| Authors: | ID Kokalj, Filip (Author)
ID Alivojvodić, Vesna (Author)
ID Lešnik, Luka (Author)
ID Petronijević, Nela (Author)
ID Radovanović, Dragana (Author)
ID Samec, Niko (Author) |
|---|
| Files: |  sustainability-17-01078-v2_(1).pdf (2,72 MB)
MD5: 4ADCEDF8843B9FFD873BF9D78F1403E9
 https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/17/3/1078
|
|---|
| Language: | English |
|---|
| Work type: | Article |
|---|
| Typology: | 1.01 - Original Scientific Article |
|---|
| Organization: | FS - Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
|
|---|
| Abstract: | Waste-to-energy (WtE) is a key part of modern waste management. In the European Union, approximately 500 WtE plants process more than 100 million tons of waste yearly, while globally, more than 2700 plants handle over 500 million tons. Roughly 20% of the waste processed is bottom ash (BA). However, this ash can contain heavy metals in concentrations that may render it hazardous. This paper presents a study focusing on stabilizing municipal solid waste incineration BA using simple and industrially viable treatments. The Slovenian WtE plant operator wishes to install the stabilization process; thus, the samples obtained from the plant were treated (1) with a CO2 gas flow, (2) with water spraying, and (3) with a combination of water spraying and a CO2 gas flow under laboratory conditions. Thermodynamic calculations were applied to define potential reactions during the treatment processes in the temperature range from 0 to 100 ◦C and to define the equilibrium composition of the treated ash with additions of CO2 and water. The standard leaching test EN 12457-4 of treated ash shows a reduction of over 40% in barium concentration and over 30% in lead concentration in leachates. |
|---|
| Keywords: | heavy metals, waste-to-energy, bottom ash, leachate, reuse |
|---|
| Publication status: | Published |
|---|
| Publication version: | Version of Record |
|---|
| Submitted for review: | 17.01.2025 |
|---|
| Article acceptance date: | 26.01.2025 |
|---|
| Publication date: | 28.01.2025 |
|---|
| Publisher: | MDPI |
|---|
| Year of publishing: | 2025 |
|---|
| Number of pages: | str. 1-19 |
|---|
| Numbering: | Vol. 17, iss. 3, [article no.] 1078 |
|---|
| PID: | 20.500.12556/DKUM-91987  |
|---|
| UDC: | 628.477.7:502/504 |
|---|
| ISSN on article: | 2071-1050 |
|---|
| COBISS.SI-ID: | 227163651 |
|---|
| DOI: | 10.3390/su17031078 |
|---|
| Publication date in DKUM: | 10.03.2025 |
|---|
| Views: | 177 |
|---|
| Downloads: | 21 |
|---|
| Metadata: |    |
|---|
| Categories: | Misc.
|
|---|
|
:
|
Copy citation |
|---|
| | | | Average score: | (0 votes) |
|---|
| Your score: | Voting is allowed only for logged in users. |
|---|
| Share: |  |
|---|
Hover the mouse pointer over a document title to show the abstract or click
on the title to get all document metadata. |
