Izbira habitata evropskega bobra Castor fiber (Rodentia: Castoridae) na Goričkem (severovzhodna Slovenija)

Kološa, Laura; Janžekovič, Franc; Klenovšek, Tina

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Title:	Izbira habitata evropskega bobra Castor fiber (Rodentia: Castoridae) na Goričkem (severovzhodna Slovenija)
Authors:	ID Kološa, Laura (Author) ID Janžekovič, Franc (Author) ID Klenovšek, Tina (Author)
Files:	RAZ_Kolosa_Laura_2024.pdf (4,64 MB) MD5: D5286216A6B8AB55890D82825E291821 https://doi.org/10.14720/ns.26.2.5-20
Language:	Slovenian
Work type:	Scientific work
Typology:	1.01 - Original Scientific Article
Organization:	FNM - Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics
Abstract:	Evropski bober je v Sloveniji in večjem delu Evrope v začetku 20. stoletja veljal za izumrlo vrsto. Ob koncu 20. stoletja se je po številnih reintrodukcijah in uveljavitvi ohranitvenih ukrepov ponovno razširil. V Sloveniji se je vnovič naselil leta 1998, na Goričkem leta 2016. V zimi 2021/22 smo na Goričkem popisali šest vodnih teles, na katerih je bilo med letoma 2016 in 2020 potrjeno pojavljanje te vrste. Namen popisa je bil ugotoviti značilnosti bobrovega habitata na Goričkem glede na ključne okoljske dejavnike, ki mu omogočajo preživetje. Zaradi zgodnje faze naselitve smo domnevali, da je bober za svoj teritorij izbral optimalne habitate. Na izbranih odsekih vodnih teles smo popisali 82 ploskev. Aktivnost bobra je bila potrjena na 71 % ploskev s stoječo in 26 % ploskev s tekočo vodo. Najpogostejši tip kopenskega habitata so bile njive. Gozd je pokrival le 18 % ploskev. Bober je bil najpogosteje zabeležen prav na ploskvah z gozdom (73 %). Brežine vodnih teles so bile v glavnem zelo strme (> 60°). Sledovi bobra so bili najpogosteje najdeni na brežinah z višino do vključno 1 m, naklonom 30°–60° in povprečno 500 m oddaljenostjo od naselij. Vodotoki, ki jih je na Goričkem naselil bober, so razmeroma ozki in plitki, a jih bober kljub temu naseljuje. Najpomembnejši okoljski dejavnik za bobre je razpoložljivost ustrezne lesne vegetacije, s katero se hrani predvsem jeseni in pozimi. Poznavanje značilnosti in izbire habitata je pomembno za varstveno upravljanje in monitoring bobra na Goričkem in v Sloveniji.
Keywords:	Castor fiber, evropski bober, ekološke spremenljivke
Geographic coverage:	Goričko (Slovenija);
Publication status:	Published
Publication version:	Version of Record
Publication date:	21.12.2024
Year of publishing:	2024
Number of pages:	str. 5-20
Numbering:	Letn. 26, št. 2
PID:	20.500.12556/DKUM-92342
UDC:	591.522:636.932.2(497.4-18)
ISSN on article:	1580-0814
COBISS.SI-ID:	223633411
DOI:	10.14720/ns.26.2.5-20
Publication date in DKUM:	06.05.2025
Views:	174
Downloads:	12
Metadata:
Categories:	Misc.
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Record is a part of a journal

Title:	Natura Sloveniae : revija za terensko biologijo
Publisher:	Zveza za tehnično kulturo Slovenije, Zveza za tehnično kulturo Slovenije, Biotehniška fakulteta Univerze, Nacionalni inštitut za biologijo, Založba Univerze v Ljubljani
ISSN:	1580-0814
COBISS.SI-ID:	102784768

Document is financed by a project

Funder:	ARIS - Slovenian Research and Innovation Agency
Project number:	P1-0403-2019
Name:	Računsko intenzivni kompleksni sistemi

Licences

License:	CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Link:	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Description:	This is the standard Creative Commons license that gives others maximum freedom to do what they want with the work as long as they credit the author.
Licensing start date:	31.12.2024

Secondary language

Language:	English
Title:	Habitat selection of European beaver Castor fiber (Rodentia: Castoridae) in the Goričko region (Northeastern Slovenia)
Abstract:	The European beaver was considered an extinct species in Slovenia and much of Europe in the early 20th century. At the end of the 20th century, it expanded again following numerous reintroductions and the implementation of conservation measures. In Slovenia, it has been present again since 1998 and in Goričko since 2016. During the winter of 2021/22, we surveyed six water bodies in the Goričko region, where beaver presence was confirmed between 2016 and 2020. The purpose of the survey was to determine the characteristics of beaver habitat at Goričko based on key environmental factors that enable its survival. Due to the early stage of colonization, we assumed that beavers had chosen optimal habitats for their territory. We surveyed 82 plots in selected sections of the water bodies. Beaver activity was confirmed on 71% of plots with standing water and 26% of plots with flowing water. The commonest types of terrestrial habitats were fields, while forests were present on 18% of the plots. Beavers were most frequently found on plots with forested areas (73%). The banks of the water bodies were generally very steep (> 60°). Signs of beaver activity were most commonly found on banks with a height of up to 1 meter, a slope of 30°–60°, and an average distance of 500 metres from settlements. The watercourses inhabited by beavers at Goričko are relatively narrow and shallow, yet beavers can still be found there. The most important environmental factor for beavers is the availability of suitable woody vegetation, which they primarily feed on in the autumn and winter. Understanding habitat characteristics and selection is essential for conservation management and monitoring of beavers at Goričko and Slovenia.
Keywords:	Castor fiber, European beaver, ecological variables

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