| Title: | Higher-order evidence in science : some problematic consequences of steadfastness and level-splitting |
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| Authors: | ID Justin, Martin (Author) |
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| Files: |  RAZ_Justin_Martin_2024.pdf (484,68 KB)
MD5: 8A52DB4D6F517AC83DF31DCFB5F9A4E0
 https://journals.um.si/index.php/analiza/article/view/4941/3237
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| Language: | English |
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| Work type: | Scientific work |
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| Typology: | 1.01 - Original Scientific Article |
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| Organization: | FF - Faculty of Arts
UZUM - University of Maribor Press
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| Abstract: | Despite our best efforts, we often fail to act in a perfectly rational manner. Recently, some epistemologists have suggested that we should admit our failings and develop a modest epistemology that would take our fallibility seriously. This includes accounting for the role of evidence of our irrationality, usually called higher-order evidence. It seems intuitive that modest reasoners should take such evidence into account. However, it turns out that incorporating higher-order evidence into a principled theory of what rationality requires is not an easy task. In this paper, I first review the debate about higher-order evidence, describing in detail the puzzle of higher-order evidence and the main positions about it in the literature. Then, I provide two novel examples of higher-order evidence, taken from science. I argue that these examples put pressure on the views that reject the role of higher-order evidence. These views commit themselves to the conclusion that some common scientific practices, such as evaluating evidence in systematic reviews or even running null hypothesis significance tests, are irrational. |
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| Keywords: | higher-order evidence, epistemology, rationality, science |
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| Publication status: | Published |
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| Publication version: | Version of Record |
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| Submitted for review: | 01.10.2024 |
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| Article acceptance date: | 30.11.2024 |
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| Publication date: | 31.12.2024 |
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| Year of publishing: | 2024 |
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| Number of pages: | str. 241-262 |
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| Numbering: | Letn. 28, št. 2 |
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| PID: | 20.500.12556/DKUM-94629  |
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| UDC: | 165 |
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| ISSN on article: | 2712-4916 |
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| COBISS.SI-ID: | 246331651 |
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| DOI: | 10.18690/analiza.28.2.241-262.2024 |
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| Publication date in DKUM: | 25.08.2025 |
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| Views: | 202 |
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| Downloads: | 8 |
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| Metadata: |    |
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| Categories: | Misc.
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