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Title:Kognitivne funkcije, kognitivna rezerva in reševanje vsakodnevnih problemov v pozni odraslosti : magistrsko delo
Authors:ID Črešnar, Anemari (Author)
ID Bakračevič, Karin (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
Files:.pdf MAG_Cresnar_Anemari_2025.pdf (901,91 KB)
MD5: 2A3262C5EA661E97BD7F558DC9D2F7A3
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Master's thesis/paper
Typology:2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:FF - Faculty of Arts
Abstract:V pozni odraslosti se posamezniki pogosto soočajo s spremembami v kognitivnem delovanju, ki lahko omejijo njihovo sposobnost samostojnega reševanja vsakodnevnih nalog. Čeprav številne raziskave potrjujejo postopno zmanjševanje kognitivnih sposobnosti, ostaja odprto vprašanje, katere izmed njih imajo največjo vlogo pri ohranjanju vsakodnevne kompetentnosti in kakšen pomen imajo pri tem kazalniki kognitivne rezerve. Namen raziskave je bil zato preučiti povezanost kognitivnih funkcij, izobrazbe, hobijev in starosti z uspešnostjo pri reševanju vsakodnevnih problemov v pozni odraslosti. V raziskavi so sodelovali 104 starejši odrasli, vključeni v društva upokojencev in medgeneracijske centre. Rezultati so pokazali, da imata izobrazba in čas, namenjen hobijem, pomembno povezavo z uspešnostjo pri reševanju vsakodnevnih problemov. Med kognitivnimi sposobnostmi so se kot ključne izkazale izvršilne funkcije, ki skupaj z izobrazbo najbolje napovedujejo uspešnost, medtem ko so verbalne, vidno-prostorske sposobnosti, spomin in pozornost imele, glede na rezultate, predvsem posredno vlogo. Hobiji so se pokazali kot dejavnik, ki lahko prispeva k boljšim rezultatom, čeprav učinek ni bil povsem stabilen. Kronološka starost ni bila povezana z uspešnostjo, kar nakazuje, da je za vsakodnevno kompetentnost pomembnejše, katere sposobnosti in življenjske izkušnje posameznik ohranja in razvija. Ugotovitve poudarjajo osrednjo vlogo izvršilnih funkcij in izobrazbe pri ohranjanju kognitivne kompetentnosti ter pomen kognitivne rezerve in življenjskega sloga za podporo samostojnosti v starosti.
Keywords:kognitivne funkcije, kognitivna rezerva, reševanje vsakodnevnih problemov, funkcionalne sposobnosti, kognitivna kompetentnost
Place of publishing:Maribor
Place of performance:Maribor
Publisher:A. Črešnar
Year of publishing:2025
Number of pages:1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (VII, 70 str.))
PID:20.500.12556/DKUM-95412 New window
UDC:159.95-053.9(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:252413955 New window
Publication date in DKUM:09.10.2025
Views:202
Downloads:40
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
Categories:FF
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Licences

License:CC BY-NC-ND 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Link:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Description:The most restrictive Creative Commons license. This only allows people to download and share the work for no commercial gain and for no other purposes.
Licensing start date:17.09.2025

Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Cognitive Functions, Cognitive Reserve and Everyday Problem Solving in Late Adulthood
Abstract:In late adulthood, individuals often face changes in cognitive functioning that may limit their ability to independently solve everyday tasks. Although numerous studies confirm a gradual decline in cognitive abilities, the question remains as to which of these abilities play the most important role in maintaining everyday competence and what significance indicators of cognitive reserve have in this process. The aim of this study was therefore to examine how cognitive functions, education, hobbies, and age relate to success in everyday problem-solving in late adulthood. The study included 104 older adults who were members of pensioners’ associations and intergenerational centres. The results showed that education and the time devoted to hobbies were significantly associated with success in everyday problem-solving. Among cognitive abilities, executive functions proved to be crucial, as they, together with education, best predicted success, while verbal, visuospatial skills, memory, and attention played primarily an indirect role according to the results. Hobbies appeared as a factor that could contribute to better outcomes, although the effect was not entirely stable. Chronological age was not related to success, suggesting that everyday competence depends more on which abilities and life experiences an individual maintains and develops. The findings highlight the central role of executive functions and education in maintaining cognitive competence, as well as the importance of cognitive reserve and lifestyle in supporting independence in later life.
Keywords:cognitive functions, cognitive reserve, everyday problem solving, functional abilities, cognitive competence


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