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Title:Izolacija in določanje aminokislin v ekstraktu čebeljega cvetnega prahu : diplomsko delo visokošolskega strokovnega študijskega programa I. stopnje
Authors:ID Fejzuli, Haris (Author)
ID Knez Marevci, Maša (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
ID Postružnik, Vesna (Comentor)
Files:.pdf VS_Fejzuli_Haris_2026.pdf (5,63 MB)
MD5: 9F809F20F78ADF262FEDC3C7F7485FD7
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Bachelor thesis/paper
Typology:2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Abstract:Diplomsko delo prikazuje izolacijo in določanje aminokislin iz ekstrakta čebeljega cvetnega prahu z uporabo različnih ekstrakcijskih metod in analitskih tehnik. Namen raziskave je bil ovrednotiti učinkovitost superkritične ekstrakcije in klasičnih maceracij pri pridobivanju beljakovin in aminokislin ter primerjati dobljene rezultate. Za pripravo vzorcev smo uporabili superkritično ekstrakcijo s CO2 brez etanola in z etanolom različnih koncentracij ter maceriranja v 50 % etanolu, 0,1 M HCl in fosfatnem pufru. Vsebnost prostih aminokislin smo določali z ninhidrinsko metodo, vsebnost beljakovin z Bradfordovo metodo, kvalitativno analizo posameznih aminokislin pa smo izvedli s tankoplastno kromatografijo (TLC). Rezultati kažejo, da je bila vsebnost beljakovin in aminokislin močno odvisna od uporabljenega ekstrakcijskega postopka. Najvišji izkoristki ekstrakcij so bili doseženi pri konvencionalnih ekstrakcijah, kjer so se gibali med 62,05 % in 69,93 %, medtem ko so superkritične ekstrakcije dale bistveno nižje vrednosti, in sicer od 1,52 % do 31,94 %, odvisno od uporabljenih pogojev ekstrakcije. Analiza z ninhidrinom je potrdila večjo prisotnost prostih aminokislin v SCE z 70 % etanolom in konvencionalnimi ekstrakcijami. Bradfordova metoda pa je pokazala, da so beljakovine v največji meri prehajale v ekstrakte pri hladni maceraciji s fosfatnim pufrom. S TLC analizo smo poleg standardnih aminokislin (arginin, metionin, valin, levcin) zaznali tudi dodatne lise, ki nakazujejo prisotnost drugih aminokislin, kar potrjuje kompleksno sestavo cvetnega prahu. Diplomsko delo prispeva k razumevanju vpliva različnih ekstrakcijskih postopkov na beljakovinsko in aminokislinsko sestavo čebeljega cvetnega prahu ter nudi izhodišče za nadaljnje raziskave in razvoj metod na področju prehranske in farmacevtske tehnologije.
Keywords:TLC, Bradford, čebelji cvetni prah, aminokisline, Ninhidrin, ekstrakcije
Place of publishing:Maribor
Place of performance:Maribor
Publisher:[H. Fejzuli]
Year of publishing:2026
Number of pages:1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (IX, 56 str.))
PID:20.500.12556/DKUM-97977 New window
UDC:547.49:638.178.2(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:285160963 New window
Publication date in DKUM:17.07.2026
Views:273
Downloads:21
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
Categories:KTFMB - FKKT
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Licences

License:CC BY-NC-ND 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Link:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Description:The most restrictive Creative Commons license. This only allows people to download and share the work for no commercial gain and for no other purposes.
Licensing start date:06.05.2026

Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Isolation and determination of amino acids in bee pollen extract
Abstract:The thesis presents the isolation and determination of amino acids from bee pollen extract using different extraction methods and analytical techniques. The aim of the research was to evaluate the efficiency of supercritical extraction and classical maceration in obtaining proteins and amino acids, and to compare the obtained results. For sample preparation, we used supercritical CO₂ extraction without ethanol and with ethanol at different concentrations, as well as maceration in 50% ethanol, 0.1 M HCl, and phosphate buffer. The content of free amino acids was determined by the ninhydrin method, protein content by the Bradford method, and qualitative analysis of individual amino acids was carried out using thin-layer chromatography (TLC). The results show that the protein and amino acid contents were strongly dependent on the extraction method used. The highest extraction yields were obtained with conventional extraction, ranging from 62.05% to 69.93% while supercritical extraction yielded significantly lower values, ranging from 1.52% to 31.94%, depending on the extraction conditions used. Ninhydrin analysis confirmed a higher presence of free amino acids in SCE with 70% ethanol and conventional extractions. The Bradford method showed that proteins were most efficiently extracted during cold maceration with phosphate buffer. In addition to standard amino acids (arginine, methionine, valine, leucine), TLC analysis also revealed additional spots indicating the presence of other amino acids, confirming the complex composition of bee pollen. This thesis contributes to the understanding of the impact of different extraction procedures on the protein and amino acid composition of bee pollen and provides a basis for further research and development of methods in the field of food and pharmaceutical technology.
Keywords:TLC, Bradford, Bee pollen, Amino acids, Ninhydrin, extraction


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