| Title: | Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in breast and female genital tract cancers : overlooked potential and unexplored frontiers |
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| Authors: | ID Skok, Kristijan (Author)
ID Maccio, Umberto (Author)
ID Martin, Spencer D. (Author)
ID Bräutigam, Konstantin (Author) |
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| Files: |  RAZ_Skok_Kristijan_2025.pdf (1,28 MB)
MD5: 8DCD91B4D0143849B3A6BBD2465E886D
 https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.71023
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cam4.71023
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| Language: | English |
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| Work type: | Scientific work |
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| Typology: | 1.02 - Review Article |
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| Organization: | MF - Faculty of Medicine
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| Abstract: | Background: The growing success of cancer immunotherapies has led to significant advances in oncology. However, despite these promising developments, cancer-related mortality remains high for common cancer types such as breast and lower female genital tract cancers. Method: Here, we synthesize recent findings on the prognostic relevance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in breast, endometrial, tubo-ovarian, and vulvar cancer. Our analysis covers the relationship between TIL counts and density, immune cell subtype combinations, immunotherapy approaches, and patient outcomes. Results: High TIL infiltration, especially CD8+ T-cells, generally correlates with improved outcomes such as in endometrial cancer (especially the POLE-ultramutated subgroup), invasive breast cancer, and ovarian epithelial tumors. However, in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast, elevated TIL counts are linked to a worse prognosis. Ethnicity, the tumor microenvironment (TME), and molecular profiles further complicate the prognostic utility of TILs. Conclusions: TIL-based therapies have shown potential in personalized immunotherapy, particularly in recurrent, refractory ovarian cancer. Limited research on rarer gynecologic tumors hinders broader clinical applications. |
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| Keywords: | breast cancer, endometrial cancer, fallopian tube, immunotherapy, ovarian cancer, review, tumor microenvironment (TME), tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), vulvar cancer |
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| Publication status: | Published |
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| Publication version: | Version of Record |
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| Submitted for review: | 23.06.2025 |
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| Article acceptance date: | 06.03.2025 |
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| Publication date: | 24.06.2025 |
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| Publisher: | John Wiley & Sons Ltd. |
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| Year of publishing: | 2025 |
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| Number of pages: | Str. 1-15 |
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| Numbering: | Letn. 14, Št. 13, št. članka e71023 |
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| PID: | 20.500.12556/DKUM-94340  |
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| UDC: | 616-006 |
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| ISSN on article: | 2045-7634 |
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| COBISS.SI-ID: | 245427715 |
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| DOI: | 10.1002/cam4.71023 |
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| Publication date in DKUM: | 18.08.2025 |
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| Views: | 190 |
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| Downloads: | 14 |
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| Metadata: |    |
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| Categories: | Misc.
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